The Question is from neet-botany cell-cycle-and-cell-division , and it was created by the author K SURESH KUMAR

Question

Crossing over occurs during which phase of meiosis?

K SURESH KUMAR · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Meiosis and its phases
 **Related Topics**: Genetic recombination, homologous chromosomes, synapsis
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of cell division and meiosis I and II.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
The question asks to identify the phase of meiosis during which crossing over occurs.
**Method & Steps**:
1. Understanding Meiosis:
Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. It involves two rounds of division: Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
2. Phases of Meiosis I:
Meiosis I includes Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, and Telophase I. 
3. Crossing Over:
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. This process occurs during Prophase I, when homologous chromosomes pair up to form tetrads (bivalents).
4. Identifying the phase:
Based on the above information, crossing over occurs specifically during Prophase I of meiosis I.
 Result: Prophase I
 Verification: This is consistent with the standard understanding of meiosis and the timing of genetic recombination.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
A ✓: Prophase I is the correct answer because crossing over, the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, happens during this phase.  Homologous chromosomes are paired up, forming tetrads, allowing for the exchange of segments.
B :x: Metaphase I involves the alignment of homologous chromosome pairs at the metaphase plate, not the exchange of genetic material.
C :x: Anaphase I is when homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell; crossing over has already occurred.
D :x: Prophase II is a phase in meiosis II, which occurs after the homologous chromosomes have already separated.  Crossing over does not happen in meiosis II.
## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing meiosis I and meiosis II: Students often mix up the events of meiosis I and II, leading to incorrect identification of the crossing over phase.
     How to avoid: Carefully review the phases of both meiosis I and II and focus on the events unique to each phase.  Make diagrams.
  2.Failing to understand the significance of homologous chromosomes:  Crossing over relies on the pairing of homologous chromosomes. Not understanding this can lead to incorrect answers.
     How to avoid:  Make sure to understand the concept of homologous chromosomes and their role in genetic recombination.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember the acronym PMAT (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase) for the phases of both meiosis I and II.  Crossing over happens in Prophase I.
  2.Use mnemonics or visual aids (diagrams) to recall the sequence of events in meiosis.

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

The correct Option is "Prophase I"

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Metaphase I

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Anaphase I

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Prophase II

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