The Question is from neet-botany , and it was created by the author B VENKAT

Question

Certain eukaryotic cells possess extensive networks of both smooth and rough ER. Which of the following cell types would likely have the HIGHEST combined surface area of ER?

B VENKAT · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) function and structure in different cell types.
	**Related Topics**: Protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, steroid hormone synthesis.
	**Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of cell biology, the structure and function of smooth and rough ER.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	The question asks which cell type would have the highest combined surface area of both smooth and rough ER.
	We know that the ER is involved in various metabolic processes, including protein synthesis (rough ER) and lipid synthesis (smooth ER).
**Method & Steps**:
	1. Analyze the function of the ER in each cell type.
		Reasoning: Cells that actively synthesize and secrete large amounts of proteins or lipids would have a larger ER surface area to accommodate the necessary metabolic processes.
		Formula/Rule: None directly applicable; this is a qualitative comparison.
	2. Consider the role of smooth and rough ER in each option.
		Working: 
			* Red blood cells: Primarily involved in oxygen transport; minimal protein synthesis or lipid metabolism.
			* Skin epithelial cells: Involved in protection and barrier function; moderate protein synthesis and lipid metabolism.
			* Steroid-producing cells: Heavily involved in lipid synthesis (steroids are lipids); require extensive smooth ER.
			* Muscle cells: Have some ER, but mainly for calcium storage and other functions; not as extensive as steroid-producing cells.
		Key Point: Steroid hormones are lipids, and their synthesis requires a large amount of smooth ER.
	3. Identify the cell type with the highest ER surface area.
		Result: Steroid-producing cells would have the highest combined surface area of ER due to the extensive smooth ER needed for steroid hormone synthesis.
		Verification: The reasoning aligns with the known functions of the ER in different cell types.  Steroid-producing cells are known for their abundant smooth ER.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Red blood cells have minimal ER.
B :x: Skin epithelial cells have moderate ER.
C ✓: Steroid-producing cells have extensive smooth ER for steroid synthesis.
D :x: Muscle cells have some ER, but less than steroid-producing cells.
## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1.Confusing the functions of smooth and rough ER: Remember rough ER is involved in protein synthesis, and smooth ER in lipid metabolism and other processes.
			How to avoid: Review the functions of each type of ER.
		2. Focusing only on one type of ER: Consider the combined surface area of both smooth and rough ER.
			How to avoid:  Explicitly consider the roles of both types of ER in each cell type.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1.Think about which cells produce large quantities of proteins or lipids; those will have a larger ER surface area.
		2.Steroid hormones are lipids, so steroid-producing cells need a lot of smooth ER.

B VENKAT · Answer

Red blood cells

B VENKAT · Answer

Skin epithelial cells

B VENKAT · Answer

The correct Option is "Steroid-producing cells"

B VENKAT · Answer

Muscle cells

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