The Question is from neet-botany , and it was created by the author Mr. NARESH KUMAR K

Question

Which combination of technologies is MOST likely to be employed in developing a 'Golden Rice' variety with enhanced iron bioavailability?

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: B
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Genetic engineering for enhanced nutritional value in crops
 **Related Topics**:  Biofortification, Transgenic plants, Gene expression, Iron metabolism in plants
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of plant genetics, gene transfer techniques, and the role of iron in human nutrition.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
The question asks about enhancing iron bioavailability in Golden Rice.
**Method & Steps**:
1. Identify genes related to iron storage and absorption in plants.
  Reasoning:  To increase iron bioavailability, we need to focus on genes that either increase the amount of iron in the rice or improve the body's ability to absorb it.
  Formula/Rule: None directly applicable, this is a qualitative reasoning problem.
2. Evaluate the given options based on their relevance to iron metabolism.
  Working: Option A deals with genes related to carotenoid biosynthesis (Golden Rice's original modification), not iron. Option C deals with pest resistance genes, irrelevant to iron. Option D deals with disease resistance genes, also irrelevant. Option B, however, includes 'Ferritin gene transfer', Ferritin being a major iron storage protein in plants and animals.  'Phytase gene transfer' is also relevant as phytase improves the absorption of minerals, including iron, by breaking down phytate, which inhibits iron absorption.
 3. Select the option with the most relevant genes.
  Result: Option B (Ferritin gene transfer, Phytase gene transfer) is the most appropriate choice.
  Verification:  Both ferritin and phytase directly address the problem of enhancing iron bioavailability.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x:  Phytoene synthase and lycopene beta-cyclase are involved in carotenoid production, the characteristic that makes Golden Rice 'golden', not iron content or bioavailability.
B ✓: Ferritin is an iron storage protein. Phytase enhances iron absorption by reducing the effect of phytate.
 C :x: Cry genes (from Bacillus thuringiensis) confer insect resistance, and proteinase inhibitors inhibit insect digestive enzymes; neither is related to iron bioavailability.
D :x: Viral coat protein and chitinase genes are involved in plant defense mechanisms against viruses and fungi, respectively; neither relates to iron bioavailability.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing genes related to carotenoid production with iron metabolism: Focus on the specific goal of enhancing iron bioavailability.
  2.Not understanding the role of phytase in mineral absorption: Phytase's importance in releasing iron from phytate needs to be understood.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember that biofortification aims to increase the nutritional value of crops.
  2.Focus on genes directly involved in iron storage (ferritin) and absorption (phytase).

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Phytoene synthase gene transfer, Lycopene beta-cyclase gene transfer

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

The correct Option is "Ferritin gene transfer, Phytase gene transfer"

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Cry gene transfer, Proteinase inhibitor gene transfer

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Viral coat protein gene transfer, Chitinase gene transfer

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