The Question is from neet-botany , and it was created by the author NISHANTH

Question

Nitrifying bacteria play a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle by:

NISHANTH · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: [C]
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Nitrification process in the nitrogen cycle.
	**Related Topics**: Nitrogen cycle, ammonia oxidation, microbial metabolism.
	**Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of the nitrogen cycle and microbial processes.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
		Nitrifying bacteria perform specific transformations in nitrogen compounds.
		Key processes include oxidation of ammonia and reduction of nitrites.
**Method & Steps**:
	1. Identify the role of nitrifying bacteria.
		Reasoning: Nitrifying bacteria are essential for converting ammonia into less harmful forms.
		Formula/Rule: The process involves two main steps: 
		$$NH_3 \rightarrow NO_2^- \rightarrow NO_3^-$$
	2. Determine which option describes this process.
		Working: Nitrifying bacteria oxidize ammonia (NH₃) to nitrite (NO₂⁻) and then to nitrate (NO₃⁻).
		Key Point: This is a two-step aerobic process primarily carried out by specific groups of bacteria.
	3. Confirm the correct statement about nitrifying bacteria's roles.
		Result: The correct option describes the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate as the primary role of nitrifying bacteria.
		Verification: The process is well-documented in microbial ecology and is critical for soil health.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] :x: This option describes nitrogen fixation, which is not the role of nitrifying bacteria.
[B] :x: This option describes the denitrification process, which is unrelated to nitrifying bacteria.
[C] ✓: Correct option as it accurately describes the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate.
[D] :x: This option describes ammonification, which is also not the primary role of nitrifying bacteria.
## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing nitrification with nitrogen fixation: Remember that nitrification involves the conversion of ammonia to nitrate, while nitrogen fixation converts atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia.
		2. Misunderstanding the types of bacteria involved: Nitrifying bacteria are specific to the nitrification process, while other bacteria play roles in denitrification and ammonification.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Remember the two main steps in nitrification: $$NH_3 \rightarrow NO_2^- \rightarrow NO_3^-$$.
		2. Associate nitrifying bacteria with the conversion of harmful ammonia into usable nitrate for plants.

NISHANTH · Answer

Converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia

NISHANTH · Answer

Reducing nitrate to nitrite and then to nitrogen gas

NISHANTH · Answer

The correct Option is "Oxidizing ammonia to nitrite and then nitrate"

NISHANTH · Answer

Converting organic nitrogen into ammonia

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