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A novel detergent is synthesized with a branched alkyl chain. Compared to a linear-chain detergent with the same number of carbon atoms, the branched detergent will likely exhibit:
increased solubility in water
a lower critical micelle concentration (CMC)
greater foaming capacity
a higher melting point
Which statement regarding cationic detergents is FALSE?
They possess a positively charged hydrophilic head group.
They are often used as fabric softeners and germicides.
They are effective cleaning agents in hard water due to their insensitivity to calcium and magnesium ions.
Their effectiveness is reduced by anionic surfactants.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of soaps?
They are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain fatty acids.
They work effectively in hard water.
They have a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.
They form micelles in water.
Detergents are preferred over soaps in hard water because:
They are cheaper to produce.
They do not form insoluble precipitates with calcium and magnesium ions.
They are less effective cleaning agents.
They have a stronger odor.
Which of the following is a common example of an anionic detergent?
Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)
Lauryl alcohol ethoxylate
Benzylkonium chloride
The process of forming micelles is driven by:
Hydrogen bonding.
Ionic interactions.
The hydrophobic effect.
Van der Waals forces.
Detergents are more effective than soaps in hard water because:
They are more biodegradable
They do not form insoluble precipitates with calcium and magnesium ions
They have a longer hydrocarbon chain
They are cheaper to produce
The process of making soap is called:
Esterification
Saponification
Hydrogenation
Polymerization
Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of:
Long chain fatty acids
Mineral acids
Short chain carboxylic acids
Inorganic bases
Which part of a soap molecule helps in dissolving grease or oil in water?
Hydrophilic head
Hydrophobic tail
Both hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
Neither hydrophilic head nor hydrophobic tail
