Prepare for NEET Chemistry In Everyday Life with MCQs & PYQs on NEET.GUIDE. Practice free previous year questions, get expert solutions, and understand the chemistry of daily products.
A novel detergent is synthesized with a branched alkyl chain. Compared to a linear-chain detergent with the same number of carbon atoms, the branched detergent will likely exhibit:
increased solubility in water
a lower critical micelle concentration (CMC)
greater foaming capacity
a higher melting point
Which combination of factors would MOST effectively enhance the cleansing action of a soap in hard water?
Decreased temperature and addition of NaCl
Increased temperature and addition of NaCl
Decreased temperature and addition of a chelating agent
Increased temperature and addition of a chelating agent
The Krafft temperature of a surfactant is the temperature:
Below which micelles decompose
At which the surfactant becomes completely insoluble
Above which the surfactant decomposes
Above which micelle formation becomes spontaneous
Which statement regarding cationic detergents is FALSE?
They possess a positively charged hydrophilic head group.
They are often used as fabric softeners and germicides.
They are effective cleaning agents in hard water due to their insensitivity to calcium and magnesium ions.
Their effectiveness is reduced by anionic surfactants.
The hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of a surfactant is a measure of its:
Critical micelle concentration
Krafft temperature
Charge density of the hydrophilic head
Affinity for both water and oil
In the process of saponification, which byproduct is formed along with soap?
Fatty acid
Glycerol
Sodium chloride
Water
Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines is INCORRECT?
They enhance the effect of GABA by increasing the frequency of chloride channel opening.
They bind to a specific site on the GABA receptor complex.
They act as dopamine agonists, enhancing dopaminergic neurotransmission.
Their effects can be reversed by flumazenil, a competitive antagonist.
A patient presents with severe opioid overdose. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate immediate course of action?
Induce vomiting to remove unabsorbed opioid.
Administer activated charcoal to adsorb the opioid.
Administer naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist.
Wait for the opioid effects to wear off naturally.
Which of the following drug classes does NOT primarily target G protein-coupled receptors?
Opioid analgesics
Beta-adrenergic blockers
Steroid hormones
Muscarinic agonists
The therapeutic index of a drug is defined as:
The ratio of the ED to the TD.
The ratio of the TD to the ED.
The sum of the TD and the ED.
The difference between the TD and the ED.
