The Question is from neet-chemistry , and it was created by the author P SRAVAN KUMAR

Question

Raoult's law is applicable to:

P SRAVAN KUMAR · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Raoult's Law
 **Related Topics**: Ideal solutions, vapor pressure, colligative properties
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of vapor pressure, mole fraction, and ideal solutions.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
The question asks about the applicability of Raoult's Law.
**Method & Steps**:
1. Understanding Raoult's Law: Raoult's law states that the partial vapor pressure of each component of an ideal mixture of liquids is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component multiplied by its mole fraction in the mixture.
  Reasoning:  The law is based on the assumption of an ideal solution, where the intermolecular forces between different molecules are similar to those between identical molecules. This assumption is most likely to hold true when the solute and solvent are similar in terms of volatility.
  Formula/Rule: $P_A = x_A P_A^o$, where $P_A$ is the partial vapor pressure of component A, $x_A$ is the mole fraction of A, and $P_A^o$ is the vapor pressure of pure A.
2. Analyzing the options: Raoult's law works best for ideal solutions.  Ideal solutions are formed when the solute and solvent have similar intermolecular forces. This is most likely when both are volatile (i.e., readily evaporate).  If one is non-volatile, the deviations from Raoult's law become significant.
  Working: Let's examine each option:
		 a) Volatile solute in a volatile solvent:  This is the closest to an ideal solution, so Raoult's law is applicable.
		 b) Non-volatile solute in a volatile solvent:  This scenario significantly deviates from ideality. Raoult's law is not strictly applicable.
		 c) Volatile solute in a non-volatile solvent: Similar to (b), this deviates from ideality.
		 d) Non-volatile solute in a non-volatile solvent:  This also deviates significantly from ideality.
 3. Conclusion:
  Result: Raoult's law is most accurately applicable to volatile solutes in volatile solvents.
  Verification: The formula $P_A = x_A P_A^o$ only works well when the solution is ideal, which is most closely approximated when both solute and solvent are volatile.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A ✓: This option accurately reflects the condition where Raoult's law is most applicable.  Both the solute and solvent are volatile, leading to an ideal solution (or close to it).
B :x: A non-volatile solute will significantly alter the vapor pressure of the solvent, leading to deviations from Raoult's law.
C :x:  Similar to option B, a non-volatile solvent will cause deviations.
D :x:  Neither component is volatile, so there is no significant vapor pressure to consider.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Applying Raoult's law to non-ideal solutions without considering deviations:  Raoult's law is an approximation and works best for ideal solutions.  Significant deviations occur when the solute and solvent have very different intermolecular forces.
  2.Misunderstanding the concept of volatility:  Volatility refers to the tendency of a substance to vaporize.  Non-volatile substances have a very low vapor pressure.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember that Raoult's law is an approximation for ideal solutions where intermolecular forces between solute and solvent are similar.
  2.Think about the vapor pressures of the components.  If both are significant, Raoult's law is more likely to be applicable.

P SRAVAN KUMAR · Answer

The correct Option is "Volatile solute in a volatile solvent"

P SRAVAN KUMAR · Answer

Non-volatile solute in a volatile solvent

P SRAVAN KUMAR · Answer

Volatile solute in a non-volatile solvent

P SRAVAN KUMAR · Answer

Non-volatile solute in a non-volatile solvent

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