The Question is from neet-chemistry , and it was created by the author A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO

Question

Which pair of molecules have the same hybridization for the central atom but different molecular geometries?

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: VSEPR Theory and Hybridization
	**Related Topics**: Molecular Geometry, Valence Bond Theory
	**Prerequisites**: Lewis Structures, Electron Domains, Hybridization
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	We need to find a pair of molecules with the same hybridization on the central atom but different molecular geometries.
**Method & Steps**:
	1. **Determine the Lewis structure for each molecule in each option.**
		Reasoning: Lewis structures help us determine the number of electron domains around the central atom.
	2. **Determine the hybridization of the central atom based on the number of electron domains.**
		Working: Hybridization is determined by the number of electron domains (lone pairs and bonded atoms) surrounding the central atom.  Two domains = sp, three domains = sp², four domains = sp³.
		Key Point: The number of electron domains determines the hybridization, while the number of lone pairs influences the molecular geometry.
	3. **Determine the molecular geometry based on the number of bonding groups and lone pairs.**
		Result:  Compare the hybridizations and molecular geometries to find the correct pair.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] ✓: NH₃ and H₂O: Both N in NH₃ and O in H₂O have four electron domains (3 bonding groups and 1 lone pair for N, 2 bonding groups and 2 lone pairs for O), resulting in sp³ hybridization. However, NH₃ has a trigonal pyramidal geometry, while H₂O has a bent geometry.
[B] :x: CH₄ and NH₃: C in CH₄ has four electron domains (4 bonding groups and 0 lone pairs) with sp³ hybridization and tetrahedral geometry. N in NH₃ has four electron domains (3 bonding groups and 1 lone pair) with sp³ hybridization and trigonal pyramidal geometry. While they have the same hybridization, they were included as an example of how lone pairs affect geometry.
[C] :x: BF₃ and SO₂: B in BF₃ has three electron domains (3 bonding groups and 0 lone pairs) with sp² hybridization and trigonal planar geometry. S in SO₂ has three electron domains (2 bonding groups and 1 lone pair) with sp² hybridization and bent geometry.  While they have the same hybridization, they were included as an example of how lone pairs affect geometry.
[D] :x: BeCl₂ and CO₂: Be in BeCl₂ has two electron domains (2 bonding groups and 0 lone pairs) with sp hybridization and linear geometry. C in CO₂ also has two electron domains (2 bonding groups and 0 lone pairs) with sp hybridization and linear geometry. Both have the same hybridization and the same geometry.
## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing electron domains with bonding groups: Remember to count both bonding groups and lone pairs when determining hybridization.
		2. Forgetting the effect of lone pairs on molecular geometry: Lone pairs repel bonding pairs, leading to deviations from ideal bond angles and different molecular geometries.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Use the AXE notation to quickly determine molecular geometry (A = central atom, X = bonding groups, E = lone pairs).
		2. Draw Lewis structures accurately to correctly count electron domains and determine hybridization.

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

The correct Option is "NH₃ and H₂O"

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

CH₄ and NH₃

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

BF₃ and SO₂

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

BeCl₂ and CO₂

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