A scientist aims to modify the human insulin gene to increase its binding affinity to the insulin receptor. Which amino acid substitution within the insulin A-chain is MOST likely to achieve this, considering its role in receptor interaction?
A. Valine at A3 to Leucine
B. Glycine at A1 to Glutamic acid
C. Isoleucine at A2 to Valine
D. Glutamine at A5 to Asparagine
Related Questions
What enzyme is used to 'cut' and 'paste' DNA in genetic engineering?
Restriction enzymes and ligase
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Reverse transcriptase
Which of the following is now being economically produced by biotechnological procedures?
Morphine
Quinine
Insulin
Nicotine
Apart from disulfide bridges, which other interactions contribute to the overall three-dimensional structure of insulin?
Peptide bonds only
Glycosidic bonds and phosphodiester bonds
Hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and van der Waals forces
Ionic bonds only
What is the role of C-peptide in the context of insulin production?
Forms disulfide bonds between A and B chains
Connects the A and B chains in proinsulin
Is part of the mature insulin molecule
Facilitates the insertion of the insulin gene into bacteria
Read the following statements about insulin and choose the option that states all correct statements.
a. Earlier, insulin was extracted from pancreas of slaughtered cattles and pigs
b. Mature insulin do not contain polypeptide C
c. Mature insulin consists of two short polypeptides: chain A and chain B
d. During commercial production of insulin, chain A and B were produced together, extracted and combined by creating disulphide bonds
a, b and c
b, c and d
a, c and d
a, b and d
Which two chains make up the mature, functional human insulin molecule produced by genetic engineering?
A and B chains linked by disulfide bonds
A and C chains linked by hydrogen bonds
B and C chains linked by peptide bonds
Alpha and beta chains linked by glycosidic bonds
Which of the following statements is/are TRUE regarding the production of human insulin using recombinant DNA technology?
It involves the use of animal pancreatic tissue.
The insulin produced is slightly different from human insulin.
It is a very expensive and inefficient process.
It allows for large-scale production of human insulin.
The term ‘Humulin’ is used for
Hydrolytic enzyme
Powerful antibiotic
Human insulin
Human Antibodies
The gene for human insulin is inserted into the bacteria's:
Plasmid
Chromosome
Ribosome
Cell wall
Why is genetically engineered insulin preferred over insulin derived from animal sources?
It reduces the risk of allergic reactions and is more readily available.
It is less effective than animal insulin.
It is more expensive to produce.
It is not as pure as animal insulin.
