The Question is from neet-botany biotechnology genetically-engineered-insulin, and it was created by the author B VENKAT

Question

Which specific enzymatic cleavage is crucial for converting proinsulin to active insulin in the production of genetically engineered human insulin?

B VENKAT · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Proinsulin processing and insulin biosynthesis
 **Related Topics**: Protein processing, post-translational modifications, enzymatic activity
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of protein structure, peptide bonds, and the structure of insulin.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question asks about the specific enzymatic cleavage required to convert proinsulin to active insulin.
  Active insulin consists of A and B chains linked by disulfide bonds.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Proinsulin is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain containing A, B, and C peptides.
  Reasoning: Proinsulin needs to be processed to become biologically active insulin.
  Formula/Rule: None directly applicable, this is a biochemical process.
 2. Specific endopeptidases cleave the C-peptide from proinsulin.
  Working:  These endopeptidases recognize specific amino acid sequences within the proinsulin molecule and cleave the peptide bonds at precise locations, separating the C-peptide from the A and B chains.
  Key Point: The removal of the C-peptide is essential for the correct folding and biological activity of insulin.
 3. The A and B chains remain linked by disulfide bonds, forming the mature, active insulin molecule.
  Result: Removal of the C-peptide by specific endopeptidases is the crucial step.
  Verification: This is consistent with the established mechanism of insulin biosynthesis and processing.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Cleavage at the N-terminus of the A-chain is not the primary crucial step; it's part of the overall processing but not the defining step.
B :x: Cleavage at the C-terminus of the B-chain is also not the defining step in converting proinsulin to insulin. 
C ✓: Removal of the C-peptide by specific endopeptidases is the crucial step in converting inactive proinsulin to active insulin.
D :x: Cleavage of disulfide bonds would destroy the structure of insulin, making it inactive. Disulfide bonds are essential for the proper folding and function of insulin.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing the roles of different proteases involved in proinsulin processing: Focusing on other cleavage events rather than the removal of the C-peptide.
  How to avoid: Understand the specific role of endopeptidases in removing the C-peptide.
  2.Overlooking the importance of the C-peptide: Believing that the C-peptide is not crucial for the conversion process.
  How to avoid: Understand that the C-peptide's removal is essential for insulin's biological activity.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember that proinsulin is a precursor and requires processing to become active insulin.
  2.Focus on the role of endopeptidases in removing the connecting peptide.

B VENKAT · Answer

A. Cleavage at the N-terminus of the A-chain

B VENKAT · Answer

B. Cleavage at the C-terminus of the B-chain

B VENKAT · Answer

The correct Option is "C. Removal of the C-peptide by specific endopeptidases"

B VENKAT · Answer

D. Cleavage of disulfide bonds linking A and B chains

NEET Botany Biotechnology and Its Applications Genetically Engineered Insulin MCQs

Select Topic

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

NEET Subjects

Our Bots

Company