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Which of the following is NOT influenced by photoperiodism?
Flowering
Formation of storage organs
Leaf fall
Seed germination
A plant that flowers only when exposed to a photoperiod shorter than a critical length is known as a:
Short-day plant
Long-day plant
Day-neutral plant
Intermediate-day plant
Which pigment is primarily responsible for absorbing light in the context of photoperiodism?
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Carotenoids
Phytochrome
If a short-day plant receives a brief flash of red light during its dark period, what is the likely outcome?
Flowering will be inhibited
Flowering will be promoted
No effect on flowering
Vegetative growth will be enhanced
The critical period in photoperiodism refers to the:
Minimum or maximum length of uninterrupted darkness required for flowering
Duration of light exposure needed for photosynthesis
Total length of the day-night cycle
Specific time of day when light is most effective
Vernalization and photoperiodism both influence:
Flowering
Photosynthesis
Seed germination
Vegetative growth
Which of the following is NOT a commercial application of understanding photoperiodism?
Producing out-of-season flowers
Controlling the flowering time of crops
Developing uniform flowering in plants
Increasing the size of individual fruits
Which of the following is NOT a method used by plants to overcome seed dormancy?
Scarification of the seed coat
Stratification or exposure to low temperatures
Exposure to high concentrations of abscisic acid
Leaching of inhibitory substances
The hard seed coat of some seeds acts as a barrier to:
Water uptake only
Oxygen uptake only
Both water and oxygen uptake
Light penetration
Which of the following is an example of a chemical inhibitor that can cause seed dormancy?
Gibberellins
Cytokinins
Abscisic acid
Ethylene