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Which specific characteristic of Chlamydomonas distinguishes its flagellar structure from other Chlorophyceae members?
Presence of flagellar hairs or mastigonemes
Absence of a basal body
9+0 microtubule arrangement in the axoneme
Flagella covered by a sheath of scales
The haptomonada, Pavlova, exhibits a unique flagellar arrangement. How does this differ fundamentally from the typical Chlamydomonas flagellar apparatus?
One flagellum is typically shorter and smooth, lacking hairs
Both flagella are of equal length and covered in hairs
Three flagella emerge from a basal body
Flagella are absent in Pavlova
In Volvox, a colonial Chlorophyceae, cytoplasmic connections between cells play a crucial role in coordinating movement and other functions. What is the specific term for these connections, and what is their primary structural composition?
Plasmodesmata; cytoplasmic strands
Desmosomes; intermediate filaments
Gap junctions; connexin proteins
Tight junctions; claudin and occludin proteins
Certain marine brown algae contain algin, which is commercially important. Algin is a type of:
Carrageenan
Agar
Floridean starch
Phycocolloid
Which unusual photosynthetic pigment combination distinguishes members of the class Dinophyceae (dinoflagellates)?
Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll a, phycobilins
Chlorophyll d, phycoerythrin
Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, carotenoids
The haplontic life cycle is dominant in which algal group, where the zygote is the only diploid stage?
Fucus
Ectocarpus
Polysiphonia
Volvox
Which algal division is characterized by the presence of a 'peculiar' type of nuclear division and the absence of flagellated stages in its life cycle?
Chlorophyta
Phaeophyta
Rhodophyta
Xanthophyta
In some algae, the pyrenoids are surrounded by a sheath of starch plates. This characteristic is primarily found in:
Phaeophyta
Rhodophyta
Chlorophyta
Cyanobacteria
The mannitol is the stored food material of which group of algae?
Chlorophyta
Rhodophyta
Phaeophyta (Brown algae)
Cyanobacteria
Which characteristic is NOT shared by both the protonema of a moss and the filamentous stage of some green algae?
Presence of rhizoids
Photosynthetic capability
Filamentous structure
Haploid nature