The Question is from neet-botany , and it was created by the author B VENKAT

Question

The structure in Amoeba functionally similar to human kidney is

B VENKAT · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Excretion and Osmoregulation
	**Related Topics**: Cell Biology, Comparative Anatomy, Protist Biology
	**Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of cell organelles and their functions, and the role of the kidney in humans.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	We are looking for a structure in Amoeba that performs a similar function to the human kidney.
**Method & Steps**:
	1. **Kidney Function**: The primary function of the human kidney is to filter metabolic waste products from the blood and regulate water balance (osmoregulation).
	2. **Amoeba's Excretory Organelle**: The contractile vacuole in Amoeba is responsible for collecting and expelling excess water and metabolic waste from the cell.
	3. **Functional Similarity**:  Both the kidney and the contractile vacuole perform excretory functions, removing waste and maintaining water balance.
	Result: The contractile vacuole in Amoeba is functionally analogous to the human kidney.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] Nucleus :x: The nucleus controls cell activities and stores genetic information. It is not involved in excretion.
[B] Plasmodesmata :x: Plasmodesmata are channels that connect plant cells and allow for communication and transport between them.  Amoeba is a single-celled organism and does not have plasmodesmata.
[C] Plasma membrane :x: The plasma membrane regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell, but it's not the primary organelle for excretion.
[D] Contractile vacuole ✓: The contractile vacuole collects and expels excess water and waste products, similar to the function of the kidney.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing the function of the contractile vacuole with other organelles:  Understanding the specific roles of each organelle is crucial.
		2. Overlooking the concept of analogous structures:  The contractile vacuole and the kidney are not homologous (same evolutionary origin) but analogous (similar function).
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Remember that the contractile vacuole is crucial for osmoregulation in Amoeba, especially in freshwater environments where water constantly enters the cell via osmosis.
		2. Visualize the contractile vacuole filling with water and then contracting to expel it, similar to the filtering and excretory action of the kidney.

B VENKAT · Answer

Nucleus

B VENKAT · Answer

Plasmodesmata

B VENKAT · Answer

Plasma membrane

B VENKAT · Answer

The correct Option is "Contractile vacuole"

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