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Question

A sample is analyzed using paper chromatography. Component X has an Rf value of 0.6, while component Y has an Rf value of 0.3. Which component is more strongly adsorbed onto the stationary phase?

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: B
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Paper Chromatography and Retention Factor ($R_f$)
 **Related Topics**: Adsorption, Stationary Phase, Mobile Phase
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of paper chromatography principles.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  Component X: $R_f = 0.6$
  Component Y: $R_f = 0.3$
  [Important conditions]: Paper chromatography separates components based on their differential adsorption to the stationary phase and solubility in the mobile phase.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Understand the $R_f$ value.
  Reasoning: The $R_f$ value is defined as the ratio of the distance traveled by the component to the distance traveled by the solvent front.  $R_f = \frac{distance\ traveled\ by\ component}{distance\ traveled\ by\ solvent\ front}$ 
  Formula/Rule: $R_f = \frac{d_c}{d_s}$ where $d_c$ is the distance traveled by the component and $d_s$ is the distance traveled by the solvent.
 2. Analyze the $R_f$ values.
  Working: Component X has a higher $R_f$ value (0.6) than component Y (0.3). This means that component X traveled further up the chromatography paper than component Y.
  Key Point: A higher $R_f$ value indicates greater solubility in the mobile phase and weaker adsorption to the stationary phase.
 3. Determine the adsorption strength.
  Result: Since component Y has a lower $R_f$ value, it is more strongly adsorbed onto the stationary phase. Component X, having a higher $R_f$, is less strongly adsorbed.
  Verification: The lower the $R_f$ value, the stronger the interaction with the stationary phase and the less it moves with the mobile phase.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Component X has a higher $R_f$ value, indicating weaker adsorption.
B ✓: Component Y has a lower $R_f$ value, indicating stronger adsorption.
C :x: The $R_f$ values clearly show different adsorption strengths.
D :x: The $R_f$ values directly provide information about the relative adsorption strengths.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Misinterpreting $R_f$ values:  Students might think a higher $R_f$ means stronger adsorption.
  [How to avoid]: Remember that a higher $R_f$ means the component spends more time in the mobile phase and less time interacting with the stationary phase.
  2.Ignoring the definition of $R_f$:
  [How to avoid]: Always refer back to the definition of $R_f$ to ensure correct interpretation.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Higher $R_f$ = more soluble in the mobile phase = weaker adsorption.
  2.Lower $R_f$ = less soluble in the mobile phase = stronger adsorption.

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Answer

Component X

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Answer

The correct Option is "Component Y"

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Answer

Both components are equally adsorbed.

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Answer

Cannot be determined from Rf values.

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