The Question is from neet-botany biotechnology genetically-engineered-insulin, and it was created by the author Mr. NARESH KUMAR K

Question

During the production of genetically engineered human insulin, which of the following is NOT a critical step in ensuring the correct formation of disulfide bonds essential for the protein's biological activity?

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Protein Folding and Disulfide Bond Formation
	**Related Topics**: Recombinant DNA Technology, Insulin Production, Protein Structure
	**Prerequisites**: Understanding of protein structure, disulfide bonds, and genetic engineering.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	The question asks about the steps *not* critical for disulfide bond formation in recombinant insulin production.
**Method & Steps**:
	1. **Understanding Disulfide Bonds**: Disulfide bonds are covalent bonds between cysteine residues that stabilize protein structure.  Their formation requires oxidation and correct protein folding.
	2. **Recombinant Insulin Production**:  Insulin is produced by inserting the human insulin gene into bacteria. The bacteria then produce the protein, which needs to be processed to form the active form of insulin.
	3. **Role of each option**:
		A. Correct protein folding: Essential for aligning cysteine residues for disulfide bond formation.
		B. Oxidation of cysteine residues:  Chemically required for disulfide bond formation.
		C. Cleavage of the proinsulin molecule:  Proinsulin is a precursor that needs to be cleaved to form the active insulin molecule.  This cleavage affects the overall structure, ensuring correct disulfide bond positioning in the mature insulin.
		D. Glycosylation of the protein:  Glycosylation is the addition of sugar moieties to a protein.  While glycosylation can affect protein stability and function, it is not directly involved in the *formation* of disulfide bonds.
	4. **Identifying the non-critical step**: Glycosylation, while important for some proteins, is not essential for the formation of disulfide bonds in insulin.
	Result: D
## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] :x: Correct protein folding is essential as it brings the cysteine residues close enough for disulfide bond formation.
[B] :x: Oxidation of cysteine residues is the chemical process by which disulfide bonds are formed.
[C] :x: Cleavage of proinsulin is crucial for the correct arrangement and thus formation of disulfide bonds in the mature insulin molecule.
[D] ✓: Glycosylation is not directly involved in the formation of disulfide bonds. While it can influence protein folding and stability in some cases, it is not critical for the creation of these bonds in insulin.
## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing protein modification with disulfide bond formation:  Many post-translational modifications exist.  It's crucial to understand their specific roles.
		2.  Ignoring the role of proinsulin processing:  Proinsulin processing is crucial for correct disulfide bond formation in the mature insulin molecule.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Remember that oxidation and correct 3D structure are directly involved in disulfide bond formation.
		2. Focus on the specific chemical requirements for disulfide bond formation.

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Correct protein folding

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Oxidation of cysteine residues

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Cleavage of the proinsulin molecule

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

The correct Option is "Glycosylation of the protein"

NEET Botany Biotechnology and Its Applications Genetically Engineered Insulin MCQs

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