The Question is from neet-botany biotechnology , and it was created by the author D VINOD

Question

In the context of producing genetically engineered human insulin, why is the formation of inclusion bodies in *E. coli* sometimes considered advantageous despite requiring additional processing steps?

D VINOD · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Protein expression in prokaryotic systems and downstream processing.
 **Related Topics**: Inclusion bodies, protein purification, proteolytic degradation, recombinant protein technology.
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of bacterial protein synthesis, protein folding, and purification techniques.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	The question asks about the advantage of inclusion body formation during recombinant insulin production in *E. coli*, despite needing extra processing steps.
	Options describe various effects of inclusion bodies.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Analyze each option to determine if it explains why inclusion body formation is advantageous.
  Reasoning: Inclusion bodies are insoluble aggregates of misfolded proteins.  While requiring extra steps to solubilize and refold the protein, they offer a protective advantage.
  Formula/Rule: None directly applicable.
 2. Evaluate option A: Inclusion bodies protect insulin from proteolytic degradation within the bacterial cell.
  Working:  *E. coli* contains proteases that can degrade proteins.  The aggregated nature of inclusion bodies shields the insulin from these enzymes.
  Key Point: This protection is a major advantage, outweighing the cost of additional processing.
 3. Evaluate remaining options:
  Option B is incorrect because inclusion bodies do not directly facilitate correct disulfide bond formation. Disulfide bond formation usually requires specific conditions after solubilization and refolding.
  Option C is incorrect because inclusion bodies are insoluble and do not enhance solubility or secretion.
  Option D is incorrect because inclusion bodies complicate, rather than simplify, purification by requiring additional steps to solubilize and purify the protein.
  Result: Option A is the correct answer.
  Verification: The advantage of protecting insulin from degradation within the bacterial cell directly addresses the question's premise.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A ✓:  Inclusion bodies sequester the insulin, protecting it from the action of intracellular proteases in *E. coli*. This prevents degradation and increases the yield of functional insulin, even if it requires extra downstream processing.
B :x:  Inclusion bodies are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Correct disulfide bond formation typically requires controlled refolding conditions after the inclusion bodies are solubilized.
C :x: Inclusion bodies are insoluble aggregates; they are not soluble and do not facilitate secretion.
D :x: Inclusion bodies make purification *more* complex, requiring additional steps (solubilization, refolding, purification) to obtain functional insulin.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1. Confusing the properties of inclusion bodies: Students might incorrectly think inclusion bodies enhance solubility or secretion.
   How to avoid: Understand that inclusion bodies are insoluble aggregates of misfolded proteins.
  2. Overlooking the protective function: Students might focus solely on the extra processing steps without recognizing the protective role against degradation.
   How to avoid:  Consider the cellular environment of *E. coli* and the potential for proteolytic degradation.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1. Remember that the primary advantage of inclusion bodies is protection from degradation.
  2. The extra processing steps, while adding complexity, are often outweighed by the increased yield of functional protein obtained through protection from degradation.

D VINOD · Answer

The correct Option is "A. Inclusion bodies protect insulin from proteolytic degradation within the bacterial cell"

D VINOD · Answer

B. Inclusion bodies directly facilitate the formation of correct disulfide bonds

D VINOD · Answer

C. Inclusion bodies enhance the solubility and secretion of insulin from the bacterial cell

D VINOD · Answer

D. Inclusion bodies simplify the purification process by eliminating the need for chromatography

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