The Question is from neet-botany biotechnology , and it was created by the author B VENKAT

Question

Farmers observe characteristic galls on the tobacco plant roots. Which of the following organisms is the most likely cause of this symptom?

B VENKAT · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Plant Pathology - Identifying plant diseases and their causal agents.
	**Related Topics**: Nematology, Virology, Entomology, Mycology
	**Prerequisites**: Basic knowledge of plant diseases and common plant pests.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	Characteristic galls on tobacco plant roots.
**Method & Steps**:
	1. Identify the symptom: Galls on roots.
		Reasoning: Galls are abnormal swellings on plant tissue, often caused by specific pathogens or pests.
	2. Analyze potential causal organisms:
		Working: Consider the known effects of each option on plants.
		Key Point: Root-knot nematodes are known to cause galls on plant roots.
	3. Determine the most likely cause: Root-knot nematodes.
		Result: Root-knot nematodes are the most common cause of root galls in tobacco plants.
		Verification: This aligns with established plant pathology knowledge.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] ✓: Root-knot nematodes are parasitic roundworms that infect plant roots, causing characteristic galls or knots. These galls disrupt nutrient and water uptake, leading to stunted growth and reduced yield in tobacco plants.
[B] :x: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) primarily affects the leaves of tobacco plants, causing mosaic patterns, mottling, and leaf distortion.  It does not typically cause galls on roots.
[C] :x: Aphids are insects that feed on plant sap, but they do not typically cause galls on roots. They may cause leaf curling or distortion and transmit viral diseases.
[D] :x: While some fungal pathogens can cause root diseases, they typically cause root rot, wilting, or other symptoms, not the characteristic galls associated with root-knot nematodes.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing symptoms caused by different pathogens:  Ensure accurate identification of the specific symptom (galls) and its associated causal agent.
		2. Overlooking the location of the symptom: The location of the symptom (roots) is crucial in identifying the causal organism.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Remember the association: 'Root-knot nematodes' and 'root galls'.
		2. Visualize the damage: Picture the swollen, knotted roots caused by these nematodes.

B VENKAT · Answer

The correct Option is "Root-knot nematodes"

B VENKAT · Answer

Tobacco mosaic virus

B VENKAT · Answer

Aphids

B VENKAT · Answer

Fungal pathogens

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