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NEET Questions / Botany / Biotechnology and Its Applications
A scientist is attempting to develop a transgenic crop resistant to a specific lepidopteran pest. Which gene would be the LEAST suitable candidate for transfer?
A gene encoding a Bt toxin
A gene conferring resistance to a bacterial pathogen
A gene involved in photosynthesis
A gene encoding a protein that disrupts insect gut function
A new herbicide-tolerant crop variety has been developed. Which evaluation is MOST crucial before its commercial release, considering potential environmental impact?
Analysis of the nutritional content of the modified crop
Evaluation of the crop's yield compared to traditional varieties
Assessment of gene flow to wild relatives and the development of herbicide resistance in weeds
Study of the effects of the herbicide on non-target insects
A researcher aims to create a transgenic cow that produces human lactoferrin in its milk. Which promoter would be MOST suitable to drive the expression of the human lactoferrin gene in the mammary gland of the cow?
CMV promoter
ฮฒ-actin promoter
ฮฒ-lactoglobulin promoter
Metallothionein promoter
Which of the following is a major ethical concern associated with the production of transgenic animals?
The high cost of producing transgenic animals.
The low success rate of creating transgenic animals.
Animal welfare and the potential for unforeseen health problems in the transgenic animals.
The limited applicability of transgenic animal models to human diseases.
A severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) patient undergoes gene therapy using a retroviral vector to deliver the functional ADA gene. A potential long-term complication specifically associated with this vector type is:
Insertional mutagenesis leading to oncogenesis
Hypersensitivity reaction to the viral vector
Development of neutralizing antibodies against ADA
Rapid clearance of the vector by the immune system
Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR-Cas9 are all tools used in gene editing. What is a key advantage of CRISPR-Cas9 over ZFNs and TALENs?
Higher target specificity and lower off-target effects
Easier design and implementation due to RNA-guided targeting
Ability to target multiple genes simultaneously without modification
Greater stability and longer lifespan within the target cell
In the production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), hybridomas are created. What crucial property makes hybridomas suitable for large-scale mAb production?
Ability to phagocytose antigens.
Short lifespan, ensuring consistent antibody quality.
Continuous cell division and antibody secretion.
Capacity to produce diverse antibody isotypes.
Which of the following techniques is NOT typically used in pharmacogenomics to identify genetic variations influencing drug response?
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS)
Gene expression profiling
Satellite DNA profiling
The development of biosimilars offers a cost-effective alternative to innovator biologics. Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic that biosimilars must demonstrate compared to their reference product?
Highly similar physicochemical properties
Comparable efficacy and safety profile
Identical amino acid sequence
Similar pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
Farmers observe characteristic galls on the tobacco plant roots. Which of the following organisms is the most likely cause of this symptom?
Root-knot nematodes
Tobacco mosaic virus
Aphids
Fungal pathogens
