The Question is from neet-botany molecular-basis-of-inheritance human-genome-project, and it was created by the author K SURESH KUMAR

Question

Which sequencing method was NOT a major contributor to the initial completion of the Human Genome Project?

K SURESH KUMAR · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: History and methods of genome sequencing
 **Related Topics**: Human Genome Project, Sanger sequencing, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), BAC cloning
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of DNA sequencing techniques
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
The question asks which sequencing method was NOT a major contributor to the initial completion of the Human Genome Project.
**Method & Steps**:
1. Identify the major sequencing technologies used in the Human Genome Project (HGP).
  Reasoning: The HGP relied heavily on specific technologies for sequencing the human genome.  Understanding these technologies is crucial.
  Formula/Rule: N/A
2. Determine which of the options was not a primary method.
  Working: The HGP primarily used Sanger sequencing (and its automated versions) and BAC-based cloning. BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) cloning was used to create large DNA fragments that were easier to sequence than the entire genome at once.  Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies were not developed and widely available during the initial stages of the HGP.
  Key Point: The HGP was a large-scale project spanning many years.  Technological advancements were made during its duration, but NGS was developed later.
3. Select the option that does not fit the primary methods used in the HGP.
  Result: Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) was not a major contributor to the initial completion of the Human Genome Project.
  Verification: Historical accounts of the HGP confirm that Sanger sequencing and BAC-based cloning were the dominant technologies used.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A) Sanger sequencing ✓:  A crucial method used extensively in the HGP.
B) Automated DNA sequencing ✓: An improved version of Sanger sequencing, also essential to the HGP.
C) Next-generation sequencing (NGS) :x:  Developed significantly after the initial completion of the HGP.
D) BAC-based sequencing ✓:  A critical approach for handling large DNA fragments in the HGP.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing the timeline of sequencing technology development:  Students may not be aware that NGS is a relatively recent development.
      How to avoid:  Research the historical context of the Human Genome Project and the development of different sequencing technologies.
  2.Overlooking the importance of BAC cloning:  Students might underestimate the role of BAC cloning in facilitating the sequencing of the human genome.
      How to avoid:  Understand how BAC cloning helped manage the complexity of sequencing a large genome.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Focus on the timeline of technological advancements in genomics.
  2.Remember that the HGP relied on a combination of cloning and sequencing strategies.

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Sanger sequencing

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Automated DNA sequencing

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

The correct Option is "Next-generation sequencing (NGS)"

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

BAC-based sequencing

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