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NEET Questions / Botany / Molecular Basis of Inheritance / Human Genome Project
The Human Genome Project utilized a hierarchical approach to sequencing. Which of the following correctly describes the 'clone-by-clone' sequencing strategy?
Large DNA fragments were directly sequenced using high-throughput methods.
Small DNA fragments were randomly sequenced and assembled computationally.
The entire genome was amplified using PCR and then sequenced in segments.
Large DNA fragments were cloned into BACs, mapped, and then subcloned into smaller vectors for sequencing.
SNPs identified by the Human Genome Project can be used for:
Predicting an individual's susceptibility to certain diseases
Tracing human history and migration patterns
Developing personalized medicine approaches
All of the above
Which ethical concern regarding the Human Genome Project is MOST directly related to potential discrimination based on genetic information?
The cost of genetic testing and its accessibility
The potential for germline gene editing
Privacy and confidentiality of genetic data
The accuracy and reliability of genetic tests
One of the surprising findings of the Human Genome Project was:
The high percentage of repetitive DNA sequences
The existence of non-coding RNA molecules
The relatively low number of protein-coding genes
The presence of mitochondrial DNA
The Human Genome Project revealed that the human genome contains approximately what percentage of coding sequences?
50%
25%
10%
Less than 2%
Which sequencing method was NOT a major contributor to the initial completion of the Human Genome Project?
Sanger sequencing
Automated DNA sequencing
Next-generation sequencing (NGS)
BAC-based sequencing
The Human Genome Project aimed to map the entire human genome. What does 'mapping' in this context primarily refer to?
Creating a physical map of all human chromosomes
Determining the sequence of nucleotide bases and identifying genes
Identifying all the proteins encoded by human genes
Understanding the function of every human gene
Which of these was NOT a major goal of the Human Genome Project?
Developing gene therapies for all genetic disorders
Storing the genome information in databases
Improving tools for data analysis
Addressing the ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) of the project
Approximately how many genes does the human genome contain according to the findings of the Human Genome Project?
100,000-150,000
2,000-5,000
50,000-75,000
20,000-25,000
BACs and YACs played a crucial role in the Human Genome Project. What are they?
Sequencing enzymes
Cloning vectors
Types of DNA polymerase
Gene editing tools
