Prepare for NEET Biology Molecular Basis of Inheritance with MCQs & PYQs on NEET.GUIDE. Access free practice, previous year questions, and expert explanations of DNA replication and genetics.
During the elongation phase of translation, a new aminoacyl-tRNA enters the ribosome at which site?
E-site
P-site
A-site
Peptidyl transferase center
A mutation in the 23S rRNA of the large ribosomal subunit affects peptidyl transferase activity. Which stage of translation is MOST directly impacted by this mutation?
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
mRNA binding
Why is the existence of the ribosome considered further evidence for the RNA world hypothesis?
Ribosomes are primarily composed of proteins.
Ribosomes synthesize DNA.
The catalytic core of the ribosome is made of rRNA.
Ribosomes are found only in eukaryotes.
The site on the ribosome where the growing polypeptide chain is attached is the:
A site
P site
E site
Release factor site
A mutation in the 16S rRNA of the prokaryotic ribosome could directly affect which stage of translation?
Elongation
Termination
Initiation
All stages
During the elongation phase of translation, which factor is responsible for the translocation of the ribosome along the mRNA?
IF-2
EF-Tu
RF-1
EF-G
All of the following are essential components of the translational machinery during protein synthesis EXCEPT:
Ribosomes
mRNA
RNA polymerase
tRNA
If a cell lacked snRNAs, which of the following processes related to protein synthesis would be most directly affected?
mRNA splicing and processing
tRNA binding to mRNA
Ribosome assembly
Amino acid activation
During translation, which stage occurs first: the binding of the ribosome to mRNA or the formation of the polypeptide chain?
Ribosome binding to mRNA
Formation of the polypeptide chain
Termination of translation
Translocation of the ribosome
What is the role of the small ribosomal subunit in the initiation phase of translation?
Binds to mRNA
Forms peptide bonds
Releases the polypeptide chain
Translocates along the mRNA
