The Question is from neet-botany molecular-basis-of-inheritance dna-finger-printing, and it was created by the author NISHANTH

Question

Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTRs) are crucial in DNA fingerprinting because they:

NISHANTH · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: DNA fingerprinting and its underlying principles.
 **Related Topics**:  Genetic variation, DNA polymorphisms, PCR, gel electrophoresis.
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of DNA structure and replication.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question asks about the significance of VNTRs in DNA fingerprinting.
  Options describe different characteristics of VNTRs.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Understand the purpose of DNA fingerprinting: DNA fingerprinting aims to identify individuals based on unique variations in their DNA.
  Reasoning:  Techniques like VNTR analysis exploit these variations to create unique profiles.
  Formula/Rule: None directly applicable, but understanding the concept of variability is key.
 2. Analyze the characteristics of VNTRs: VNTRs are sequences of DNA that are repeated multiple times in tandem. The number of repeats can vary significantly between individuals.
  Working: This variation is the basis for DNA fingerprinting.  Individuals will have different numbers of repeats at VNTR loci, creating unique profiles.
  Key Point: The high variability is the crucial factor.
 3. Evaluate the options:
  Option A is incorrect because VNTRs are highly variable, not conserved.
  Option B is incorrect because VNTRs are not typically associated with coding regions for essential proteins.
  Option C is correct because the high variability in the number of repeats is the very reason VNTRs are useful in DNA fingerprinting.
  Option D is incorrect because VNTRs are present in most, if not all, cells of an individual.
  Result: Option C is the correct answer.
  Verification: The core principle of DNA fingerprinting relies on the unique variation in VNTR repeat numbers between individuals.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: VNTRs are not highly conserved sequences; their variability is key to their use in DNA fingerprinting.
B :x: VNTRs do not typically code for proteins; they are non-coding regions.
C ✓: The high variability in the number of repeats in VNTRs between individuals is precisely what makes them useful for DNA fingerprinting.
D :x: VNTRs are found throughout an individual's genome, not limited to specific tissues.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing VNTRs with highly conserved sequences: Remember that the variability is the key.
  2. Assuming VNTRs are coding regions: They are primarily non-coding regions.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1. Focus on the 'variable number' aspect of VNTRs.
  2. Remember DNA fingerprinting relies on individual variation.

NISHANTH · Answer

Are highly conserved sequences found in all individuals

NISHANTH · Answer

Code for essential proteins involved in DNA replication

NISHANTH · Answer

The correct Option is "Show high variability in their number of repeats between individuals"

NISHANTH · Answer

Are only found in specific tissues

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