Prepare for NEET Biology Molecular Basis of Inheritance with MCQs & PYQs on NEET.GUIDE. Access free practice, previous year questions, and expert explanations of DNA replication and genetics.
One of the surprising findings of the Human Genome Project was:
The high percentage of repetitive DNA sequences
The existence of non-coding RNA molecules
The relatively low number of protein-coding genes
The presence of mitochondrial DNA
The Human Genome Project revealed that the human genome contains approximately what percentage of coding sequences?
50%
25%
10%
Less than 2%
Which sequencing method was NOT a major contributor to the initial completion of the Human Genome Project?
Sanger sequencing
Automated DNA sequencing
Next-generation sequencing (NGS)
BAC-based sequencing
The “RNA world” hypothesis proposes that RNA preceded DNA and proteins as the primary genetic material. A major challenge to this hypothesis is the relative instability of RNA compared to DNA. Why is RNA less stable?
RNA utilizes uracil instead of thymine.
RNA is typically single-stranded.
The 2'-OH group on the ribose sugar makes RNA susceptible to hydrolysis.
RNA is shorter than DNA.
If a DNA molecule contains 20% adenine, what percentage of guanine will it contain?
20%
30%
40%
50%
Which of the following DNA repair mechanisms is MOST likely to be involved in correcting a thymine dimer caused by UV radiation?
Base Excision Repair
Mismatch Repair
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Homologous Recombination
Which type of mutation is MOST likely to result in a protein with a completely new function?
Silent mutation
Missense mutation in a non-coding region
Frameshift mutation in a coding region
Nonsense mutation at the very end of a coding region
The RNA world hypothesis proposes that RNA was the primary genetic material in early life. Which of the following properties of RNA supports this hypothesis?
RNA is more stable than DNA.
RNA can act as both a carrier of genetic information and a catalytic enzyme.
RNA is double-stranded, providing redundancy in genetic information.
RNA cannot be degraded by enzymes.
Ribozymes are an important piece of evidence supporting the RNA world hypothesis. What is the primary function of a ribozyme?
Storing genetic information
Transporting amino acids
Catalyzing biochemical reactions
Forming cell membranes
Which of the following is considered a potential precursor to RNA in the RNA world hypothesis?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Proteins
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA)
Lipids
