Prepare for NEET with Botany-specific practice questions. Covering all major Botany chapters, this is perfect for your NEET Biology needs.
Which technique is NOT typically used for the production of transgenic animals?
Microinjection of DNA into the pronucleus of a fertilized egg
Retroviral infection of embryonic stem cells
Electroporation of fertilized eggs with recombinant DNA
Transfer of genetically modified embryonic stem cells into a blastocyst
A severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) patient undergoes gene therapy using a retroviral vector to deliver the functional ADA gene. A potential long-term complication specifically associated with this vector type is:
Insertional mutagenesis leading to oncogenesis
Hypersensitivity reaction to the viral vector
Development of neutralizing antibodies against ADA
Rapid clearance of the vector by the immune system
In gene therapy for cystic fibrosis, the most significant barrier to successful gene transfer to the lung epithelium is:
The rapid turnover rate of lung epithelial cells
The thick mucus layer hindering vector access to target cells
The lack of suitable viral vectors for lung tissue
The immune system's rapid clearance of the therapeutic gene
A scientist is attempting to develop a novel gene therapy for cystic fibrosis. They are utilizing a modified adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to deliver the functional CFTR gene. However, pre-clinical trials show limited efficacy due to pre-existing neutralizing antibodies against the AAV capsid in a significant portion of the target population. Which of the following strategies would be MOST effective in overcoming this limitation?
Increasing the dosage of the AAV vector.
Administering immunosuppressants prior to gene therapy.
Engineering AAV capsids with altered surface epitopes to evade pre-existing immunity.
Switching to a lentiviral vector delivery system.
The production of human insulin in bacteria involves the insertion of the human gene for insulin into a bacterial plasmid. This plasmid then acts as a:
Vector
Promoter
Operator
Repressor
What is a vector in the context of gene therapy?
A type of white blood cell
A disease-causing agent
A carrier used to deliver therapeutic genes into cells
A protein that repairs damaged DNA
In gene therapy, which vector is commonly used to deliver functional genes into a patient's cells?
Bacteria
Plasmids
Modified viruses
Liposomes
Which of the following is NOT a common vector used in gene therapy?
Retrovirus
Adenovirus
Liposome
Bacteria
BACs and YACs played a crucial role in the Human Genome Project. What are they?
Sequencing enzymes
Cloning vectors
Types of DNA polymerase
Gene editing tools
Which of the following is commonly used as a vector for introducing a DNA fragment into human lymphocytes?
Retrovirus
Plasmid
Bacteriophage
Cosmid
