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NEET Questions / Zoology / Chemical Coordination and Integration
Which of the following combinations of hormones are synergistic in their effect on blood glucose levels?
Insulin and Glucagon
Insulin and Growth Hormone
Glucagon and Epinephrine
Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormone
A rare tumor of the adrenal medulla secretes excessive amounts of catecholamines. Which physiological responses would be observed in a patient with this tumor?
Decreased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and hypoglycemia
Increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and hyperglycemia
Decreased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and hyperglycemia
Increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and hypoglycemia
Which of the following combinations of hormones are primarily responsible for the growth spurt observed during puberty?
Growth hormone and insulin
Thyroid hormones and glucocorticoids
Growth hormone, thyroid hormones, and sex steroids
Glucocorticoids and sex steroids
A researcher observes increased melatonin secretion in a subject exposed to prolonged darkness. This response is PRIMARILY mediated by which neural pathway?
Optic nerve → Lateral geniculate nucleus → Visual cortex → Pineal gland
Retinohypothalamic tract → Suprachiasmatic nucleus → Superior cervical ganglion → Pineal gland
Vestibulocochlear nerve → Brainstem → Cerebellum → Pineal gland
Olfactory nerve → Olfactory bulb → Amygdala → Pineal gland
Which physiological change is LEAST likely to be associated with increased melatonin secretion?
Increased sleepiness
Lowered core body temperature
Inhibition of reproductive activity
Elevated body temperature
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) acts on the kidney to increase the reabsorption of which ion, indirectly contributing to increased serum calcium levels?
Phosphate
Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Apart from its direct effects on bone and kidney, PTH also indirectly increases calcium absorption in the gut by stimulating the production of which active form of Vitamin D?
Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)
25-hydroxyvitamin D
Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2)
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Calcitriol)
Which cellular process within the thymus is MOST directly responsible for eliminating self-reactive T cells, preventing autoimmune responses?
a) Positive selection
b) Negative selection
c) Thymic involution
d) T cell receptor gene rearrangement
Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of Angiotensin II on the adrenal gland?
Stimulation of aldosterone synthesis
Increased release of epinephrine
Increased expression of aldosterone synthase
Facilitated conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone
Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of Growth Hormone (GH)?
Increased protein synthesis
Increased lipolysis
Increased calcium absorption in the intestines
Stimulation of IGF-1 production
