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NEET Questions / Zoology / Chemical Coordination and Integration
A patient presents with persistent hypercalcemia, despite normal parathyroid hormone levels. Further investigation reveals elevated levels of a peptide hormone produced by a malignancy. Which hormone is MOST likely responsible for this patient's hypercalcemia?
Calcitonin
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)
Thyroxine (T4)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Which of the following combinations of hormones are synergistic in their effect on blood glucose levels?
Insulin and Glucagon
Insulin and Growth Hormone
Glucagon and Epinephrine
Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormone
A patient exhibits elevated plasma renin activity, hypokalaemia, and hypertension. Which endocrine disorder is MOST likely?
Addison's disease
Conn's syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism)
Cushing's syndrome
Diabetes insipidus
A rare tumor of the adrenal medulla secretes excessive amounts of catecholamines. Which physiological responses would be observed in a patient with this tumor?
Decreased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and hypoglycemia
Increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and hyperglycemia
Decreased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and hyperglycemia
Increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and hypoglycemia
A patient presents with central diabetes insipidus. Which of the following would be the MOST effective treatment?
Insulin
Glucagon
Desmopressin (synthetic ADH)
Hydrocortisone
Which of the following combinations of hormones are primarily responsible for the growth spurt observed during puberty?
Growth hormone and insulin
Thyroid hormones and glucocorticoids
Growth hormone, thyroid hormones, and sex steroids
Glucocorticoids and sex steroids
A patient presents with persistent polyuria and polydipsia. Damage to which specific hypothalamic nuclei is MOST likely responsible for these symptoms, given that anterior pituitary function remains normal?
Preoptic nucleus
Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
Ventromedial nucleus
Arcuate nucleus
A researcher observes that a lesion in a rat's hypothalamus leads to poikilothermia (inability to regulate body temperature). Which area of the hypothalamus is MOST likely affected?
Lateral hypothalamic area
Preoptic area
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Mammillary bodies
Which hypothalamic hormone stimulates the release of both FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary?
TRH
CRH
GnRH
GHIH
Lesions in which hypothalamic area would MOST likely result in uncontrolled rage and aggression in an animal model?
Lateral Hypothalamus (LH)
Ventromedial Hypothalamus (VMH)
Anterior Hypothalamus (AH)
Posterior Hypothalamus (PH)
