Master NEET Zoology with topic-wise questions. Tailored for NEET students, these questions strengthen your Biology preparation.
Which factor is the LEAST likely to contribute to allopatric speciation?
Geographic isolation
Different selective pressures in separated environments
Genetic drift in small, isolated populations
Extensive gene flow between populations
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium assumes all of the following EXCEPT:
No mutation
No gene flow
Random mating
Non-random mating
The evolutionary process where a new species arises within the same geographic area as its parent species is called:
Allopatric speciation
Peripatric speciation
Parapatric speciation
Sympatric speciation
A small, isolated island population of finches experiences a drastic reduction in population size due to a volcanic eruption. The surviving finches have a different average beak size compared to the original population. This change is primarily attributed to:
Directional selection
Founder effect
Bottleneck effect
Disruptive selection
Which of the following is NOT a crucial assumption of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
No mutation
Random mating
No gene flow
No natural selection
In a population, the frequency of a recessive allele is 0.4. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the expected frequency of heterozygotes?
0.16
0.32
0.48
0.64
The phenomenon where individuals with intermediate traits have higher fitness than those with extreme traits is known as:
Directional selection
Disruptive selection
Stabilizing selection
Frequency-dependent selection
Which evolutionary mechanism is most likely to lead to allopatric speciation?
Gene flow
Sympatric speciation
Geographic isolation
Polyploidy
The evolution of similar traits in distantly related species due to similar environmental pressures is known as:
Divergent evolution
Parallel evolution
Convergent evolution
Coevolution
Darwin's finches on the Galapagos Islands exhibit diverse beak morphologies adapted to different food sources. Which of the following BEST describes the genetic mechanism underlying this diversification, assuming the ancestral finch population had limited beak variation?
Horizontal gene transfer from other bird species introduced new beak morphologies.
Hybridization between different finch species generated novel beak shapes.
Mutations in regulatory genes controlling beak development led to variations upon which natural selection acted.
Environmental factors directly induced heritable changes in beak structure.
