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NEET Questions / Zoology / Excretory Products And Their Elimination
If the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 125 ml/min and the renal plasma flow (RPF) is 600 ml/min, what is the filtration fraction?
0.21
4.8
0.75
1.25
A patient presents with significantly reduced Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) but normal plasma protein levels. Which of the following is the LEAST likely cause of this condition?
Constriction of the afferent arteriole
Acute kidney injury affecting glomerular capillaries
Urinary tract obstruction
Severe liver disease
Which combination of changes would MOST effectively increase the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
Decreased glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and increased Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure
Increased glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and increased Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure
Decreased glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and decreased Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure
Increased glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and decreased Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure
A rare genetic disorder affects the sodium-glucose cotransporter SGLT2 in the proximal convoluted tubule, rendering it non-functional. Which of the following would be the MOST prominent consequence?
Metabolic alkalosis
Increased water reabsorption
Increased glucose excretion in urine
Decreased sodium excretion in urine
In which part of the nephron does the majority of water reabsorption occur, and under what primary hormonal influence?
Distal convoluted tubule; influenced by ADH
Collecting duct; influenced by ADH
Loop of Henle; influenced by aldosterone
Proximal convoluted tubule; influenced indirectly by aldosterone
A patient exhibits excessive thirst and urination, producing large volumes of dilute urine. Blood tests reveal normal glucose levels. Which of the following is the MOST likely hormonal imbalance causing this condition?
Increased Aldosterone
Decreased Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Increased Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
Decreased Renin
The countercurrent multiplier system in the Loop of Henle is crucial for establishing the medullary osmotic gradient. Which of the following is NOT a key component or characteristic of this system?
Active transport of out of the thick ascending limb
Impermeability of the ascending limb to water
Countercurrent flow of tubular fluid
Active transport of water from the ascending limb to the interstitium
What is the obligatory water reabsorption?
Reabsorption of water from PCT
Reabsorption of water from loop of Henle
Both (a) and (b)
Water secretion by Bowmanโs capsule
