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During DNA replication, the enzyme responsible for removing RNA primers and replacing them with DNA is:
DNA polymerase III
DNA ligase
Primase
DNA polymerase I
In eukaryotic DNA replication, which of the following is NOT a function of topoisomerase?
Relieving torsional stress
Preventing supercoiling
Untangling DNA strands
Synthesizing RNA primers
A bacterial strain has a mutation in the gene encoding DNA gyrase. Which antibiotic would likely be ineffective against this strain?
Penicillin
Tetracycline
Ciprofloxacin
Erythromycin
During DNA replication in eukaryotes, the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously as Okazaki fragments. Which enzyme is primarily responsible for joining these fragments together after the removal of RNA primers?
DNA Polymerase I
DNA Polymerase III
DNA Primase
DNA Ligase
Certain mutations in the DNA polymerase delta gene can lead to reduced fidelity of DNA replication. Which of the following would be the MOST LIKELY direct consequence of such a mutation?
Decreased rate of Okazaki fragment synthesis
Inhibition of DNA unwinding by helicase
Increased rate of DNA repair mechanisms
Increased mutation rate in the newly synthesized DNA
Eukaryotic DNA replication is a complex process involving multiple proteins. Which of the following is NOT a function of Replication Protein A (RPA)?
Stabilizing single-stranded DNA
Preventing reannealing of separated DNA strands
Facilitating the binding of other replication proteins
Catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds
Imagine a prokaryotic organism with a mutated DNA polymerase III that lacks 3' to 5' exonuclease activity. What would be the MOST LIKELY consequence of this mutation?
Slower replication fork movement
Inability to initiate DNA replication
A higher rate of mutations in the replicated DNA
Increased formation of Okazaki fragments
Telomerase activity is crucial for maintaining the length of telomeres. Which type of cells would you expect to have the HIGHEST telomerase activity?
Differentiated somatic cells
Senescent cells
Germ cells
Cells undergoing apoptosis
During DNA replication, topoisomerases play a crucial role. Which statement BEST describes the function of topoisomerases?
They synthesize RNA primers for DNA polymerase.
They unwind the DNA double helix at the replication fork.
They relieve torsional stress in the DNA helix ahead of the replication fork.
They join Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.
Which of the following enzymes is NOT directly involved in DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
Helicase
Primase
RNA polymerase
